Study on the fingerprint of total saponins from Mussaenda pubescens and the spectrum-effect relationship of its hepatoprotective activity / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprint of total saponins from Mussaenda pubescens， and to study the spectrum- effect relationship of its hepatoprotective activity. METHODS Ten batches of total saponins from M. pubescens from different origins were prepared using 75% ethanol as solvent. High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and the Similarity Evaluation System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprints （2012 edition） were used to draw the fingerprints of 10 batches of total saponins from M. pubescens. The similarity evaluation and identification of common peaks were conducted. The same HPLC method was adopted to determine the contents of five triterpenoid saponins （mussaendoside H， mussaendoside U， mussaglaoside C， mussaendoside G and mussaendoside O）. The hepatoprotective effect of total saponins from M. pubescens was investigated by establishing carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury model mice， and the spectrum-effect relationship was studied by using grey correlation analysis. RESULTS There were 11 common peaks in 10 batches of total saponins from M. pubescens， 5 of which were identified， i.e. mussaendoside H （peak 3）， mussaendoside U （peak 7）， mussaglaoside C （peak 8）， mussaendoside G （peak 9） and mussaendoside O （peak 11）； the similarities of 10 batches of samples ranged 0.940- 0.991. Average contents of mussaendoside H， mussaendoside U， mussaglaoside C， mussaendoside G， mussaendoside O were 0.01- 0.05， 0.10-0.21， 0.10-0.18， 0.03-0.08， 0.20-0.40 mg/g， respectively. Ten batches of total saponins from M. pubescens could generally reduce the contents of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） in serum， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-1β in liver tissue of model mice （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The E-mail：13878195336@139.com correlation between the common peak areas and the contents of ALT， AST， TNF-α， IL-6 and IL-1β were 0.602-0.757， 0.585-0.833， 0.593-0.795， 0.618-0.820， 0.607-0.804， respectively； the peaks with high correlation were peaks 11， 9 and 8 in order. CONCLUSIONS Ten batches of total saponins from M. pubescens have similar components， and the average contents of mussaendoside H， mussaendoside U， mussaglaoside C， mussaendoside G and mussaendoside O are different. The batches of samples have a certain degree of hepatoprotective effect； mussaendoside O， mussaendoside G and mussaglaoside C may be its main active components.

Application of wireless analgesic system in pain management after thoracoscopic lung resection: A retrospective cohort study with large sample / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To investigate the effect of intravenous analgesia with a wireless or traditional analgesia pump system in thoracoscopic lung resection. Methods     Patients who used the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after thoracoscopic lung resection between June 2016 and June 2021 were enrolled in the study. They were allocated into a wireless pump group (a ZigBee-based wireless analgesia pump system collecting data automatically) and a traditional analgesia pump group. Perioperative analgesia management followed the routine standard operation protocol of Shanghai Chest Hospital. The patients’ numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) scores were collected for analysis from the Anesthesia Information Record System. The incidence of postoperative analgesia insufficiency (defined as NRS≥4 points) within 48 h, the incidence of PONV within 24 h, and the 48 h completion rate of analgesia pump infusion were compared. Results    A total of 59 431 patients were collected, including 24 855 males and 34 576 females, 17 209 patients in the wireless pump group, and 42 222 patients in the traditional analgesia pump group. The incidence of analgesia insufficiency within 48 h after operation (3.75% vs. 4.98%, P=0.007), the incidence of PONV within 24 h after operation (13.60% vs. 16.70%, P=0.030) in the wireless pump group were lower than those in the traditional analgesia pump group. The 48 h completion rate of analgesia pump infusion in the wireless pump group was higher than that in the traditional analgesia pump group (83.40% vs. 71.90%, P<0.001). The wireless pump group could monitor the pressing times and use of the analgesia pump, while the traditional analgesia pump group could not record the relevant data. Conclusion    Compared with the traditional analgesia pump, the wireless analgesia management system may be convenient for timely, accurate and individualized management, and has good analgesic effect and low incidence of adverse reactions, and may be more suitable for perioperative analgesia management.

Estrogen Receptor-A in Medial Preoptic Area Contributes to Sex Difference of Mice in Response to Sevoflurane Anesthesia / 神经科学通报·英文版

A growing number of studies have identified sex differences in response to general anesthesia; however, the underlying neural mechanisms are unclear. The medial preoptic area (MPA), an important sexually dimorphic structure and a critical hub for regulating consciousness transition, is enriched with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), particularly in neuronal clusters that participate in regulating sleep. We found that male mice were more sensitive to sevoflurane. Pharmacological inhibition of ERα in the MPA abolished the sex differences in sevoflurane anesthesia, in particular by extending the induction time and facilitating emergence in males but not in females. Suppression of ERα in vitro inhibited GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons of the MPA in males but not in females. Furthermore, ERα knockdown in GABAergic neurons of the male MPA was sufficient to eliminate sex differences during sevoflurane anesthesia. Collectively, MPA ERα positively regulates the activity of MPA GABAergic neurons in males but not in females, which contributes to the sex difference of mice in sevoflurane anesthesia.

T Helper cell 17/regulatory T cell balance and ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Inflammatory immune response runs through the course of ischemic stroke. Different subgroups of CD4 + T cells play a complex and important role in the course of ischemic stroke. Among them, the balance of pro-inflammatory effect of T helper cell 17 (Th17) and anti-inflammatory effect of regulatory T cells (Treg) is closely associated with the outcome of stroke. This article reviews the role of Th17/Treg balance in ischemic stroke, in order to deepen the understanding of the mechanism of immune inflammation after ischemic stroke and explore possible therapeutic targets in the course of ischemic stroke.

Post-stroke fatigue / 国际脑血管病杂志

Post-stroke fatigue is one of the most common and painful symptoms of stroke patients, and may persist for a long time, which has a negative impact on the rehabilitation and daily life and work of stroke patients. This article reviews the research progress of epidemiology, pathogenesis related factors, clinical evaluation methods and treatment of post-stroke fatigue.

Comparison of Corticosteroids by 3 Approaches to the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps

PURPOSE: Corticosteroids are regarded as the mainstay of medical treatment of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP). To date, a head-to-head comparison of the efficacy and safety of glucocorticoid preparations administered via different routes for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps has not been reported. To compare the efficacy and safety of steroids administered via the oral, intranasal spray and transnasal nebulization routes in the management of ECRSwNP over a short course. METHODS: Overall, 91 patients with ECRSwNP were recruited prospectively and randomized to receive either oral methylprednisolone, budesonide inhalation suspension (BIS) via transnasal nebulization, or budesonide nasal spray (BNS) for 2 weeks. Nasal symptoms and polyp sizes were assessed before and after the treatment. Similarly, nasal polyp samples were evaluated for immunological and tissue remodeling markers. Serum cortisol levels were assessed as a safety outcome. RESULTS: Oral methylprednisolone and BIS decreased symptoms and polyp sizes to a significantly greater extent from baseline (P < 0.05) than BNS. Similarly, BIS and oral methylprednisolone significantly reduced eosinophils, T helper 2 cells, eosinophil cationic protein, interleukin (IL)-5, and expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, and significantly increased type 1 regulatory T cells, IL-10, transforming growth factor-β, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 and 2 in nasal polyps to a greater extent than BNS. Post-treatment serum cortisol levels were significantly decreased by oral methylprednisolone compared to BIS or BNS, which did not significantly alter the cortisol levels. CONCLUSIONS: A short course of BIS transnasal nebulization is more efficacious compared to BNS in the management of ECRSwNP and is safer than oral methylprednisolone with respect to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function.

Clinical analysis of 64 cases of multidrug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To explore the effect of previous treatment on the efficacy of multidrug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients.@*Methods@#From February 2015 to February 2017, 64 cases with MDR-TB who received treatment in the First Hospital of Ninghai were collected.All patients received antituberculous therapy for 6 months.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.The factors that influence the efficacy of MDR-TB patients were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis.@*Results@#After standard chemotherapy for MDR-TB patients, the incidence of chest radiographic lesions in primary and relapsed MDR-TB patients was 18 cases(81.82%) and 21 cases(50.00%), respectively.There was statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2=22.835, P<0.05). The cavity closure rate of MDR-TB patients after primary treatment and relapse was 54.55% and 40.48%, respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=8.693, P<0.05). After standard chemotherapy for MDR-TB patients, the cure rates of primary and recurrent MDR-TB patients were 18 cases(81.82%) and 23 cases (54.76% ), respectively, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2=21.791, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The effect of initial treatment of MDR-TB is better than recurrent MDR-TB, so it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of drug resistance in patients with tuberculosis and to find the disease as soon as possible.Early treatment of MDR-TB is the best option for patients.

Mechanisms underlying glucocorticoid resistance in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in the nasal and sinus mucosa, which is a common disease in otorhinolaryngology. At present, CRSwNP can be effectively treated by glucocorticoids (GC). GC binds to GC receptors in the nasal mucosa, affects the expression of inflammatory genes, inhibits the activation and action of eosinophils, T cell-associated inflammatory responses in nasal polyps, as well as tissue remodeling. However, there are some patients fall reponse to GC, so called GC resistance. The study suggests that the possible mechanism of CRSwNP GC resistance is mainly related to GC receptor abnormal, the role of cytokines and transcription factors, such as Th cells and IL-8. In addition, MAPK-related kinases and histone deacetylase in the GC signaling pathway also play important roles in the GC resistance process. This paper reviews the mechanism of GC treatment of CRSwNP, the mechanism of GC resistance and alternative treatment of GC.

Clinical effect of ethinyl estradiol cyproterone tablets combined with ovulation induction in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome infertility / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical effect of ethinyl estradiol cyproterone tablets ( Diane -35 ) combined with ovulation induction in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome infertility .Methods 70 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were enrolled , and they were randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table of the computer ,35 cases in each group .The control group was treated with Diane -35,the observation group was given ovulation induction .The clinical parameters ,vaginal ultrasound results ,cycle ovulation rate ,pregnancy rate,adverse reaction rate and quality of life were compared between the two groups .Results There were no statistically significant differences in uterine volume , intima thickness , bilateral ovarian volume and bilateral follicle number between the two groups after treatment (t=0.055,0.308,0.991,0.435,0.473,0.248,all P>0.05).The cycle ovulation rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (80.88％ vs. 54.05％,χ2 =8.451,P<0.01).The shape,color,thought and energy score of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (t=4.819,3.519,4.735,6.804,all P<0.01).The pregnancy rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (25.71％vs.5.71％,χ2 =5.285,P<0.05). Conclusion Diane-35 combined with ovulation induction in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome infertility has significant clinical efficacy .

Efficacy of nystatin vaginal effervescent tablets and nifuratel tablet combined with recombinant human interferon alpha 2b suppository in the treatment of candida vaginitis / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the efficacy of nystatin vaginal effervescent tablets , nifuratel tablet combined with recombinant human interferon alpha 2b suppository in the treatment of candida vaginitis .Methods 124 patients with candida vaginitis were selected as the research subjects .The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to different treatment .The control group was treated with nystatin vaginal effervescent tablets +nifuratel tablet,the study group was given recombinant human interferon alpha 2b suppository on the basis of the control group.The symptoms,clinical curative effect,quality of life score,adverse reaction rate were observed and compared in the two groups .Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in symptom and physical signs before treatment (all P>0.05).After treatment,the vulvar itching,burning pain,abnormal leucorrhea,redness symptoms and signs of the study group were (0.95 ±0.44)points,(1.02 ±0.51)points,(1.13 ± 0.62) points,(1.09 ±0.56) points,which were significantly lower than those of the control group [(1.42 ± 0.98)points,(1.28 ±1.02)points,(1.38 ±1.17)points,(1.37 ±1.12)points,t=2.529,2.512,2.505,2.618,all P<0.05].The total effective rate of the study group was 95.2％,which was significantly higher than 74.2％ of the control group (Z=-2.839,P<0.05).After treatment,the quality of life scores of physiological function ,bodily pain,mental health,emotional function and social function in the study group were (80.16 ±9.23)points,(84.22 ± 9.95)points,(87.49 ±10.46) points,(89.27 ±12.35) points,(88.21 ±11.74) points,which were significantly higher than those in the control group[(67.58 ±5.34)points,(71.49 ±7.28)points,(73.52 ±7.61)points,(76.83 ±8.32)points,(75.51 ±8.16) points,t=9.728,8.577,9.036,7.039,7.537,all P<0.05].The incidence rate of adverse reactions of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (χ2 =10.978,P<0.05). Conclusion Nystatin vaginal effervescent tablets ,nifuratel tablet combined with recombinant human interferon alpha 2b suppository in the treatment of candida vaginitis can significantly improve clinical symptoms ,improve the therapeutic effect,and improve the quality of life of patients with significant clinical value ,it is worthy of reference .

Lesion patterns on MRI in patients with posterior circulation infarction with different TCM syndromes / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To study the characteristics of MRI Lesions in posterior circulation cerebral infarction and the correlation of the syndrome types of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods 82 patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction from May 2012 to May 2015 were recruited, two observers estimated cranial MRI infarct size, location, and TCM syndrome type in the hospital medical records of the patients separately.Results Of all patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction, patients with meridians involved infarction in the distant part of posterior circulation is far more than other parts of the posterior circulation(21 patient,P=0.006), nevertheless,patients with apoplexy involving Zang-fu organs,cerebral infarction volume is larger (14.78 ± 5.68 mlvs. 9.12 ± 6.67 ml,P=0.001).Conclusion Of all patients with posterior cerebral infarction, patients with meridians be involved, infarction in the distant part of posterior circulation is far more than other parts of the posterior circulation, nevertheless, in patients with apoplexy involving Zang-fu Organs, cerebral infarction volume is larger.

The involvement of IL-1β/p38MAPK/NF-κB signal transduction pathway in regulating the expression of glucocorticoid receptor isoformsin human nasal epithelia in vitro / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the possible upstream signal transduction mechanisms responsible for the decrease of glucocorticoid receptor (GR)α/GRβ in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in vitro. Methods The GRα/GRβ decrease cell model was established by IL-1β-induced human nasal epithelia (HNE) in vitro. Changes in the protein and mRNA expression of GRα, GRβ and the key enzymes in the p38MAPK and NF-κB pathways were measured respectively, before and after being induced with different doses of IL-1β and specific inhibitors of p38MAPK and NF-κB. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. Results With IL-1β-induction, the GRα/GRβ ratio declined in both a time-dependent manner and a concentration-dependent manner in HNE, which demonstrated the successful establishment of a GRα/GRβ decrease model in vitro. After cultured HNE were induced with the same set of IL-1β, the p38MAPK and NF-κB signal pathways were also activated. Either a specific inhibitor (SB203580) of the p38MAPK pathway or a specific inhibitor (PDTC) of the NF-κB pathway increased the GRα/GRβ ratio at the meantime of inhibiting their pathways. The expressions of phospho-NF-κBp50 and phospho-NF-κBp65 were significantly decreased by SB203580. PDTC had no influence on the expression of the key enzymes in the p38MAPK. Conclusion The decrease of GRα/GRβ ratio in HNE induced by IL-1β in vitro is induced through the p38MAPK/NF-κB signal pathways.

Research progress on cancer patients with stroke / 中华老年医学杂志

Cancer and stroke are the major diseases causing serious harm to human health.Studies show that as compared with normal people,patients with cancer are more prone to stroke.We reviewed the research progress on cancer patients with stroke within the past decade,including the common cancer type which causes stroke,the stroke pathogenesis of cancer patients,clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of cancer patients with comorbid stroke,in order to provide the evidence for the prevention and treatment of stroke in cancer patients.

Evaluation of anti anxiety treatment in residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning procedure in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the effect of anti anxiety treatment in residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning procedure in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.Methods 68 cases of benign paroxysmal position vertigo patients with residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning procedure were collected,who visit department of Neurology..They were randomly assigned to anti anxiety group and the control group according to randomized controlled method.Deanxit (0.5mg/10mg,1times/day)combined with betahistine mesilate tablets (6mg, 3 times/day)were taken by patients in the anti anxiety group;take betahistine mesilate tablets (6mg,3 times/day) were taken in the control group.Follow up 3 months,the duration of residual dizziness and the changes of symptoms between the two groups were compared.The symptoms of all patients were evaluated before and after treatment by dizziness handicap inventory.Results The duration of residual dizziness in the control group was (16.38 ±8.83)days, and that in the anti anxiety group was (10.13 ±5.10)days.The duration of residual dizziness in the anti anxiety group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (t =3.440,P 0.05)in the treatment of first week.In second week and third week,the scores of the anti anxiety group were lower than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =3.378,4.935,all P <0.05).After 3 weeks of treatment,the scores of the anti anxiety group were significantly decreased in the functional,emotional and physical scores (t =5.297,4.537,4.451,all P <0.01 ).Conclusion Deanxit can shorten residual dizziness duration of benign paroxysmal position vertigo patients after successful canalith repositioning procedure,and can reduce the degree of residual dizziness.

GC-MS Analysis on Fat-soluble Components in Yao Medicine Angiopteris fokiensis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for chemical composition analysis in Angiopteris fokiensis. METHODS:The fat-soluble components in A. fokiensis were extracted and separated. The separated fat-soluble compounds were analyzed and identi-fied by GC-MS after methyl esterification. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Totally 52 compounds were detected and 43 of those were identified. They were mainly organic acids and sterols compounds. The 43 components are first identified in A. fokiensis.

Involvement of MAPK signal transduction pathways in regulating the expression of glucocorticoid receptor isoforms in nasal polyp epithelia in vitro / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the upstream signal transduction mechanism responsible for the decrease of the ratio of the two glucocorticoid receptor (GR) subunits (GRα and GRβ) in nasal polyp in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The GRα/GRβ decrease cell model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human nasal epithelia (HNE) of nasal polyp in vitro. Changes in the protein and mRNA expression of GRα, GRβ and the key enzymes in the p38MAPK, ERK and JNK signal pathways were measured, respectively, before and after being induced with different doses of LPS and specific inhibitors of p38MAPK, JNK and ERK. SPSS 16.0 software (Analysis of variance, ANOVA) was used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the LPS induction, the GRα/GRβ ratio declined in both a time-dependent manner and a concentration-dependent manner in HNE, which demonstrated the successful establishment of a GRα/GRβ decrease model in vitro. After cultured HNE were induced with the same set of LPS, the p38MAPK, ERK and JNK signal pathways were also activated. The mRNA expression of p38MAPK and JNK in each LPS-induced group (17.14 ± 1.50, 22.34 ± 2.78, 30.12 ± 1.07; 2.51 ± 0.13, 3.79 ± 0.67, 4.41 ± 0.83; 25.62 ± 1.77, 31.33 ± 1.97, 37.25 ± 2.46) was significantly higher than that (7.39 ± 0.31, 2.04 ± 0.34, 2.38 ± 0.35) in the control group (χ² value was 15.347, 18.331, 14.671, all P < 0.01). Either a specific inhibitor (SB203580) of the p38MAPK pathway or a specific inhibitor (SP600125) of the JNK pathway increased the GRα/GRβ ratio at the meantime of inhibiting their pathways. SB203580 exhibited a much stronger increase effect on GRα/GRβ ratio than SP600125. The specific inhibitors (PD98059) of ERK had no influence on the expression of GR isoforms.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The above results demonstrated that the decrease of GRα/GRβ ratio in HNE induced by LPS in vitro is mediated through the p38MAPK and JNK signal pathways. It is possible to improve the treatment effect of GC resistance in nasal polyp by targeting these specific signal pathways.</p>

"Effect of Chinese version of ""Reading the Mind in the Eyes"" test on the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's dementia" / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of the revision of Chinese Versions of Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test(RME) on the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's dementia (AD).Methods We compared performance on the cognitive test battery between 96 patients with MCI and 55 patients with AD and 95 control individuals.Neuropsychological tests, encompassing RME-T, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), were conducted on 96 patients with MCI, 55 patients with AD and 95 healthy control individuals.Completion rate of RME-T in the normal group and the total scores and each item score of RME-T were analyzed, and the feature between RME-T and RME-S (RME-short) was compared.Results The total score of RME-T was (23.7±4.7) in normal group, (19.9 ± 4.9) in MCI group,and (19.9±7.5) in AD group.There were significant differences in the total score of RME-T among the three groups (t=13.9, P＜0.01).The differences in the total score of RME-T between normal group and AD group, between normal group and MCI group were also significant (both P＜0.01).RME-S was composed of 20 items after rejecting 16 items of RME T whose project completion rate was lower than 50％ in the normal group and in which there was no significant difference among normal, MCI and AD groups.The correlations between the total score of RME-T and 3 item scores of RME-T were not significant (P＞0.05).However, the total score of RME-S was highly correlated with each item score of RME-S (P＜0.01).The total score of RME-T and RME S were highly correlated with each total score of the cognitive test battery (P＜0.01).With the normal and MCI groups, normal and AD groups as the subjects, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis found that AUC(RME-S) was＞ AUC(RME-T) in normal and AD groups (P＜0.01), whereas, AUC(RME-S) was＜AUC(RME-T) in normal and MCI groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions RME has good reliability and validity, and RME-S is better than RME-T in internal consistency, which is more suitable for identifying mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in Chinese population, and it is worthy of further popularization and application.

Effect of songling xuemaikang pretreatment on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of songling xuemaikang(SL-xmk)pretreatment on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods A total of 45 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into SL-xmk pretreatment,sham operation,and normal saline control group.Preventive gavage was per-formed for 8 weeks in rats using SL-xmk(937.50 mg/kg)suspension in the SLxmk pretreatment group(n = 15);the preventive gavage was performed in rats using the equal volume of normal saline in the sham operation(n = 15)and normal saline control(n = 15)groups.At the end of the pretreatment process,a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)in rats was induced by suture method for 2 hours and reperfusion for 24 hours.The effects of SL-xmk pretreatment on the neurologic deficit scores after transient MCAO,brain water content,and infarct volume in rats were observed.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the MMP-9 immunoreactive positive cells in ischemic brain tissue.Results The neurologjc deficit scores(1.21 ± 0.25 vs.2.37 ± 0.35,P = 0.000),the brain water content (76.24% ± 7.09% vs.88.78% ± 6.57%,P = 0.000),the percentage of infarct volume (22.62% ±2.17% vs.27.84% ±3.43%,P =0.000),and the numbers of MMP-9 positive cells(16.20 ± 2.17/mm vs.20.60 ± 2.71/mm,P = 0.000)were all significantly lower than those in the control group.Conclusions SL-xmk pretreatment may significantly inhibit the expression of MMP-9 in the brain tissue of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats and reduce brain water content and infarct volume.

The protective mechanism of dl-3-n butylphthalide on oxidative stress injury in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To study the protective mechanism of dl-3-n butylphthalide (NBP)on oxidative stress injury induced by hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in rat bone marrow stem cells(rBMSCs).Methods The rBMSCs were divided into control,H2O2 and different concentration NBP pretreatment groups.The control group received no treatment.An oxidative stress injury model was induced by H2O2 for 4 hours with the final concentration 600 μmol/L in the H2O2 group.In the NBP pretreatment groups,the rBMSCs were pretreated with different NBP concentrations(0.1,1,10,and 100 μmol/L)for 24 hours,then treated with H2O2 for 4 hours with the final concentration 600 μmol/L.The cell viability was detected by MTT method.The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry.Superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content were measured with SOD and MDA commercial kits.Results The cell activity(A)was 0.487 ±0.018 in the H2O2 group,and it was significantly lower than 0.750 ±0.016 in the control group(P =0.000);they were 0.597 ±0.024,0.666 ±0.033,and 0.658 ±0.012 in the NBP 1,10,and 100 μmol/L pretreatment groups,they were all significantly higher than the H2O2 group(all P =0.000),and showed a dose dependent manner.The apoptosis rate was(44.96 ± 2.84)% in the H2O2 group,and it was significantly higher than (0.15 ±0.07)% in the control group(P= 0.000).The apoptosis rates were(31.79±1.60)% 、(21.41 ± 1.92)% and(22.59 ± 1.78)% in the NBP 1,10,and 100 μmol/L pretreatment groups,they were all significantly lower than the H2O2 groups(all P= 0.000),and showed a dose-dependent manner.The SOD activity was(24.01 ± 2.85)U/mg in the H2O2 group(P = 0.000),and it was significantly lower than(43.58 ± 2.72)U/mg in the control group(P =0.000);they were(28.29 ± 1.19),(34.06 ± 1.83),and(31.76 ± 1.75)U/mg in the NBP 1,10,and 100 μmol/L pretreatment groups,and they were all significantly higher than the H2O2 group(all P = 0.000).The MDA content was(7.98 ± 0.55)nmol/mg in the H2O2 group,and it was significantly higher than(4.73 ± 0.53)nmol/mg in the control group(P =0.000);they were(6.97 ±0.29),6.09 ±0.28),and(6.15 ±0.41)nmol/mg,respectively in the NBP 1,10,and 100 μmol/L pretreatment groups(P = 0.000),they were significantly lower than the H2O2 group,and showed a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions NBP has obvious protective effects on oxidative stress injury induced by H2O2 in rBMSCs.Its mechanism may be associated with the role of antioxidant oxidative stress of NBP.

Effect of propofol preconditioning on activities of ATPase on myocardial cell membrane in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol preconditioning on activities of ATPase on myocardial cell membrane in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawiey rats were subject to 30 min ischemia and 60 min reperfusion and randomly assigned to five groups, six rats per group: control(C) group; ischernia-reperfusion (IR) group; propofol preconditioning group(P, according to the dosage of propofol, P was assigned to three KM+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase of left ventricle myocardial tissue were measured by chemical colorirnetric method. The rnyocardium pathomorphism was observed with light microscopes. Results The activities of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in ischemia-reperfusion group were lower than control group and propofol preconditioning group(P<0. 05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Propofol preconditioning can produced cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury by recovering the ATPase activities of myocardial tissue.